Includes bibliographical references and index.

1 Introduction Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella p. 1 Part I Country Chapters 2 The Indian Software Industry Suma S. Athreye p. 7 3 The Irish Software Industry Anita Sands p. 41 4 The Israeli Software Industry Dan Breznitz p. 72 5 The Brazilian Software Industry Antonio J. Junqueira Botelho and Giancarlo Stefanuto and Francisco Veloso p. 99 6 The Chinese Software Industry Ted Tschang and Lan Xue p. 131 Part II Cross-Cutting Chapters 7 Organizational Capabilities and the Rise of the Software Industry in the Emerging Economies: Lessons from the History of some US Industries Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella and Steven Klepper p. 171 8 The Role of the Multinational Companies Marco Giarratana and Alessandro Pagano and Salvatore Torrisi p. 207 9 Sojourns and Software: Internationally Mobile Human Capital and High-Tech Industry Development in India, Ireland, and Israel Devesh Kapur and John McHale p. 236 10 Bridging the Gap: Conclusions Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella

In 1980 the Indian software industry was practically non-existent. By the 1990s the industry was one of the largest employers in manufacturing. Similar patterns of growth can be found in other emerging economies. So given that the software industry is commonly viewed as a high-tech industry, how is it that such spectacular growth has occurred in countries where high-tech industries would not seem likely to develop? This book examines the reasons behind this phenomenon, and asks whether it suggests a new model of economic development. The contributors explore the implications of the rise of these newcomers to the software market for the global industry, and whether there are things to be learned about the role of human capital in economic growth, firm formulation and capabilities, business and managerial models and industry structure. Chapters include country studies on Brazil, China, India, Ireland and Israel and are complemented by cross-cutting chapters on some of the key issues highlighted by the groeth patterns of software in these nations, most notably the role of the multinational companies, the globalization of the skilled worker flows, and the formation of firm capabilities. The novelty of the growth patterns in the regions that studied makes this book useful for understanding analytical and empirical issues underlying new microfoundations of economic growth in some emerging regions of the world.