Ch. 1 Strategies and Structures of Financial Institutions -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Banking Performance Trends -- 1.3. Strategic Trends -- 1.4. Reform Policy Trends -- 1.5. Technology Trends -- 1.5.1. The Growing Relevance of Digital Banking -- 1.5.2. Data Management at the Enterprise Level -- 1.5.3. Need for Scalable Architecture Framework for Digital Payments -- 1.5.4. Increasing Relevance of Virtual Currencies -- 1.6. Challenges of Global Financial Institutions -- 1.7. Changes in Control System -- 1.8. Banking Trends in Emerging Markets -- 1.9. The Financial Crisis of 2008 -- 1.10. Impact of Financial Crisis on Banking System -- 1.11. Structures of Financial Institutions -- 1.11.1. Different Types of Financial Institutions -- 1.11.2. Banking Structures Based on Legal Frameworks -- 1.11.3. Different Types of Banking Models -- 1.11.4. Changing Financial Structures -- 1.12. Shadow Banking System -- 1.13. Consolidation in the Financial Services Industry. 1.14. Importance of Corporate Governance in Financial Institutions -- 1.15. Summary -- References -- ch. 2 Regulatory Environment of Financial Institutions -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Universal Functions of Regulatory Agencies -- 2.3. History of Regulatory Reforms -- 2.3.1. Interest Rate Controls -- 2.3.2. Investment Restrictions on Financial Institutions -- 2.3.3. Line of Business Restrictions and Regulations on Ownership Linkages Among Financial Institutions -- 2.3.4. Restrictions on Entry of Foreign Financial Institutions -- 2.3.5. Controls on International Capital Movements and Foreign Exchange Transactions -- 2.4. Institutional Structures of Regulations -- 2.5. Drivers of Regulatory Reforms -- 2.6. Benefits of Regulatory Reform -- 2.7. Role of State in Regulatory System -- 2.8. Financial Crisis: Poor Governance of Financial Regulation -- 2.9. Initiatives for Stability of the Financial System -- 2.10. Regulation of the Banking System. Ch. 3 Risks Inherent in Financial Institutions -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. History of Risk Measurement -- 3.3. Services Provided by Financial Institutions -- 3.4. Major Steps in Risk Management of Financial Institutions -- 3.5. Generic Risks in Financial Institutions -- 3.6. Risk Mitigation Strategies -- 3.7. Risk Management Crisis: Lessons Learned -- 3.8. Risk Management in Banks -- 3.8.1. Risk Management Framework in Banks: Structure and System -- 3.8.2. Risk Management System -- 3.8.3. Different Types of Risks in Banks -- 3.9. Risks in Major Nonbanking Financial Institutions -- 3.9.1. Risk in Insurance -- 3.9.2. Risk in Pension Funds -- 3.9.3. Risk in Mutual Funds -- 3.10. Summary -- References -- ch. 4 Money Markets, Bond Markets, and Mortgage Markets -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Financial Market Instruments -- 4.2.1. Money Market Instruments -- 4.2.2. Capital Market Instruments -- 4.3. Mortgage Markets -- 4.3.1. Participants in the Mortgage Markets. 4.3.2. Types of Mortgages -- 4.3.3. Mortgage-Backed Securities -- 4.4. Summary -- References -- ch. 5 Stock Markets, Derivatives Markets, and Foreign Exchange Markets -- 5.1. Stock Markets and Instruments -- 5.1.1. Introduction -- 5.1.2. Stock Market Instruments and Characteristics -- 5.2. Derivatives Market and Instruments -- 5.2.1. Introduction -- 5.2.2. Classification of Derivatives -- 5.2.3. Users of Derivatives -- 5.2.4. Volume of Bank Exposure in Derivatives Trading -- 5.2.5. Major Derivatives Exchanges -- 5.2.6. Derivatives Instruments -- 5.2.7. Derivatives Risks in Banks -- 5.2.8. Functions of Financial Institutions in Derivatives Markets -- 5.3. Foreign Exchange Market and Instruments -- 5.3.1. International Monetary Systems -- 5.3.2. European Monetary System -- 5.3.3. Balance of Payment -- 5.3.4. Determinants of Exchange Rates -- 5.3.5. Foreign Exchange Market and Instruments -- 5.3.6. Types of Foreign Exchange Markets. 5.3.7. Market Trends in Foreign Exchange Markets -- 5.3.8. Foreign Exchange Risk Management ' -- 5.3.9. Management of Transaction Exposure -- 5.3.10. Management of Operating Exposure -- 5.3.11. Management of Translation Exposure -- 5.3.12. Market Participants in the Foreign Exchange Market -- 5.4. Summary -- References -- ch. 6 Strategies of Depository Institutions -- 6.1.Commercial Banks and Thrift Institutions -- 6.1.1. Introduction: Commercial Banks -- 6.1.2. Thrift Institutions -- 6.2. Summary -- References -- ch. 7 Investment Banks and Finance Companies -- 7.1. Introduction to Investment Banking -- 7.1.1. Functions of Investment Banking -- 7.1.2. Structure of Investment Banks -- 7.1.3. Activities of Investment Banking -- 7.1.4. Investment Bank Participation in Financial Markets -- 7.1.5. Regulation of Securities Industry -- 7.1.6. Risk in Investment Banking -- 7.1.7. Challenges for Investment Banks -- 7.1.8. Global Investment Banking Statistics. 7.1.9. Role of Investment Banks in the Global Economic Crisis -- 7.2. Finance Companies -- 7.2.1. Types of Finance Companies -- 7.2.2. Assets and Liabilities of Finance Companies -- 7.2.3. Risk of Finance Companies -- 7.3. Summary -- References -- ch. 8 Mutual Funds, Insurance, and Pension Funds -- 8.1. Mutual Funds -- 8.1.1. Introduction -- 8.1.2.Organization of Mutual Funds -- 8.1.3. Stakeholders of Mutual Funds -- 8.1.4. Key Features of Mutual Funds -- 8.1.5. Classification of Mutual Funds -- 8.1.6. Sources of Revenue for Investors in a Mutual Fund -- 8.1.7. Mutual Fund Expenses and Load Fees -- 8.1.8. Regulation of Mutual funds -- 8.1.9. Categories of Mutual Funds -- 8.1.10. Other Types of Funds -- 8.1.11. Mutual Fund Industry Trends -- 8.1.12. Challenges Faced by the Mutual Fund Industry -- 8.1.13. Participation of Mutual Funds in Financial Markets -- 8.2. Insurance -- 8.2.1. Introduction -- 8.2.2. Major Types of Insurance -- 8.2.3. Underwriting Cycle. 8.2.4. Insurance Pricing -- 8.2.5. Distribution Channels -- 8.2.6. Regulation -- 8.2.7. Risk Management in Insurance -- 8.3. Pension Funds -- 8.3.1. Introduction -- 8.3.2. Types of Pension Plans -- 8.3.3. Pension Fund Classification -- 8.3.4. Types of Private Pension Funds -- 8.3.5. Key Features of Pension Funds -- 8.3.6. Challenges Faced by the Global Pension Fund Industry -- 8.3.7. Risk in Pension Funds -- 8.3.8. Governance Structure of Pension Funds -- 8.3.9. Participation of Pension Funds in Financial Markets -- 8.3.10. Regulation of Pension Funds -- 8.3.11. Global Pension Fund Trends -- 8.4. Summary -- References -- ch. 9 Private Equity and Hedge Funds -- 9.1. Private Equity -- 9.1.1. Introduction -- 9.1.2. Strategies of Private Equity Firms -- 9.1.3.Organization Structure of Private Equity Funds -- 9.1.4. Types of Private Equity Funds -- 9.1.5. Determinants of Private Equity -- 9.1.6. Private Equity Market Trends -- 9.1.7. Regulation -- 9.1.8. Challenges. 9.2. Hedge Funds -- 9.2.1. Introduction -- 9.2.2. Market Trends -- 9.2.3. Structure of Hedge Funds -- 9.2.4. Difference between Mutual Funds and Hedge Funds -- 9.2.5. Regulation -- 9.2.6. Hedge Fund Strategies -- 9.2.7. Challenges -- 9.3. Summary -- References -- ch. 10 Islamic Influence -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Features of Islamic Finance -- 10.3. Relevance of Islamic Finance in Global Economy -- 10.4. Challenges -- 10.5. Regulation -- 10.6. Financing Methods in Islamic Finance -- 10.6.1. Fixed Claim Instruments -- 10.6.2. Equity-like Instruments -- 10.6.3. Investment Funds -- 10.7. Models used in Islamic Banks -- 10.8. Risk in Islamic -- 10.8.1. Different Types of Risk in Islamic Finance -- 10.8.2. Risk Management in Islamic Financial Institutions -- 10.9. Takaful -- 10.9.1. Working of General Takaful -- 10.9.2. Difference between Conventional Insurance and Takaful -- 10.9.3. Models of Takaful -- 10.9.4. Other Models -- 10.10. Summary -- References. Ch. 11 Consolidations in Financial Institutions and Markets -- 11.1.

Introduction -- 11.2. Megamergers and Acquisitions in the Banking and Other Finance Sectors -- 11.3. Consolidation in the Insurance Sector -- 11.4. Stock Market Mergers -- 11.5. Summary -- References -- Cases on Universal Banking -- 1.1. Bank of America -- 1.1.1. Major Divisions -- 1.1.2. Assets and Liabilities for Bank of America -- 1.1.3. Strategy of Bank of America -- 1.1.4. Corporate Social Responsibility Activities -- 1.1.5. Growth through Mergers and Acquisitions -- 1.1.6. Risk Management at Bank of America -- 1.2. JPMorgan Chase and Company -- 1.2.1. Business Divisions -- 1.2.2. Corporate Social Responsibility Activities -- 1.2.3. Capital Strategy -- 1.2.4. Acquisitions by JPMorgan Chase Bank -- 1.2.5. Risk Management at JPMorgan Chase -- 1.3. Citigroup -- 1.3.1. Major Achievements and Milestones -- 1.3.2. Structure of Citigroup -- 1.3.3. Assets and Liabilities of Citigroup -- 1.3.4. Strategy. 1.3.5. Corporate Social Responsibility Activities -- 1.3.6. Risk Management -- 1.4. Barclays -- 1.4.1. Business Structure -- 1.4.2. Strategy -- 1.4.3. Corporate Social Responsibility Activities -- 1.4.4. Risk Management at Barclays -- 1.5. BNP Paribas -- 1.5.1. Core Business Divisions -- 1.5.2. Corporate Social Responsibility Activities -- 1.5.3. Strategy -- 1.5.4. Risk Management at BNP Paribas -- 1.6. Crédit Agricole Group -- 1.6.1. Structure of Crédit Agricole Group -- 1.6.2. Corporate Social Responsibility Activities -- 1.6.3. Strategy -- 1.6.4. Risk Management at Credit Agricole -- 1.7. HSBC -- 1.7.1. Business Divisions of HSBC -- 1.7.2. Strategy -- 1.7.3. Risk Management at HSBC -- 1.8. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China -- 1.8.1. Business Segments -- 1.8.2. Strategy -- 1.8.3. Corporate Social Responsibility Activities -- 1.8.4. Risk Management -- 1.8.5. Capital Management -- 1.9. Deutsche Bank -- 1.9.1. Business Divisions -- 1.9.2. Strategy. 1.9.3. Corporate Social Responsibility Activities -- 1.9.4. Risk Mana

How and why do strategic perspectives of financial institutions differ by class and region? Strategies of Banks and Other Financial Institutions: Theories and Cases is an introduction to global financial institutions that presents both theoretical and actual aspects of markets and institutions. The book encompasses depository and non-depository Institutions; money markets, bond markets, and mortgage markets; stock markets, derivative markets, and foreign exchange markets; mutual funds, insurance, and pension funds; and private equity and hedge funds. It also addresses Islamic financing and consolidation in financial institutions and markets. Featuring up-to-date case studies in its second half, Strategies of Banks and Other Financial Institutions proposes a useful theoretical framework and strategic perspectives about risk, regulation, markets, and challenges driving the financial sectors.