Fundamentals of Electricity Electric Fields Magnetic Fields Alternating Current Three-Phase Systems Basic Components of an Electric Grid Power Lines Substations Physiological Effects of Electricity Classifications of Electric Shocks Factors Determining the Severity of Electric Shocks Symptoms and Treatments of Electric Shock Microshocks Ground Resistance Ground Resistance of Objects Soil Resistivity Soil Treatment Factors Affecting Ground Resistance General Hazards of Electricity Touch Potential Step Potential Induced Voltage due to Electric Field Equipotential Surface Induced Voltage on a Conductor without Field Distortion Electric Field Distortion due to Earth Induced Voltage due to Multiple Energized Phases Effect of Line Configuration on Induced Voltage Induced Voltage due to Energized Cables Induced Voltage due to Magnetic Field Flux and Flux Linkage Induced Voltage due to Single Energized Conductor Induced Voltage due to Multiple Energized Conductors Induced Voltage due to Electric and Magnetic Fields De-energized Line Work Definition of a De-energized Conductor Methods of Detecting Induced Voltage Main Protection Techniques Grounding System Grounding Methods Case Studies Live-Line Work Hot Stick Method Insulate and Isolate Method Bare-Hand Method Case Study Exercises Arc Flash Arc Flash Phases Assessment of Arc Flash Calculation of Arc Flash Protection Boundary Personal Protection Equipment Approach Boundaries Atmospheric Discharge Characteristics of Lightning Discharge Protection from Lightning Strikes Safe Distance from Lightning Protection Devices Exercises Stray and Contact Voltages Neutral versus Ground Service Transformer Voltage on Neutral Conductor Stray Voltage Detection of Stray Voltage Mitigation of Stray Voltage Mitigation of Stray Voltage in Hospitals Contact and Structure Voltages Neutral Deterioration World's Residential Grounding Practices Electric Safety under Power Lines Electric Field Calculation Electric Field near Objects Electric Field Profile under Power Lines Allowable Limits for Electric Fields Minimum Vertical Clearance Methods Measurement of Electric Field Strength Mitigation of Electric Field Coupling between Power Lines and Pipelines, Railroads, and Telecommunication Cables Electric Field Coupling Magnetic Field Coupling Mitigation of Electromagnetic Coupling Ground Current

Annotation. Electric power engineering education traditionally covers safety of the power equipment and systems. Little attention, if any, is given to the safety of people. When they reach professional status, most power engineers are not familiar with electric safety issues such as practices governing site works or grounding techniques of dwellings, hospitals, and factories. Designed for both electrical engineering student and practicing power engineers, Electric Safety: Practice and Standards provides the knowledge and analysis they need to be well versed in electric safety. Features:Includes techniques to assess safety practices at worksites and provides remedies to correct safety problemsAddresses the elusive stray voltage problem and provides techniques to mitigate its impact in dwellings as well as in sensitive installations such as hospitals and dairy farmsProvides approximate, yet accurate, analyses and techniques that can be used to assess electric safety without the need for extensive computation or elaborate programsIncludes several case studies from real events and examples demonstrating how variations in electric safety procedure implementation influence safety levelsBased on the authors' years of experience as an expert witness and electric safety training instructor, the book covers the analysis of electric safety practices as well as the interpretations of various safety codes. Including homework problems and a solutions manual, this book is a comprehensive guide to recognize and eliminate hazards of electric shocks for professionals working on electric power equipment, as well as people such as the general public in commonly used places, farms workers and animals, and hospital patients.
Contents
Fundamentals of electricity